Finally, breakwater failures around the coast of Java were discussed. This is to reduce the probability of exceedance.Ī history of breakwater and sloping seawall design development, instigated by major failures in the late 1970’s, such as at Sines, Portugal, (Plate 3), San Ciprian, Spain, Crescent City, USA, was followed by a brief comparison of types of seawall structures. Waves : For design it is typical to adopt 100 year return period waves, or more extreme event waves, for a 50 year design life. Whereas groins and detached breakwaters are constructed with preservation of the beach as a design goal, the purpose of seawalls is to protect the backland. Levels are likely to increase after issue of AR 6 in 2022 A seawall is typically a massive, stone and concrete structure with its weight providing stability against sliding forces and overturning moments. Storm winds have been estimated to be more intense and therefore generate larger waves. The combination of storm surge and astronomic tide is shown in Figure 2.įigure 2 : Recorded Tide Level and Astronomic Tide at Quarry Bay During Typhoon HatoĬlimate Change : Sea Level Rise – Typically based on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC AR 5) Scenarios. It describes types of vertical walls in use, with particular reference to older. Storm Surge Comprises : Low atmospheric pressure, wind set up, wave set up. This paper discusses wave impacts on vertical and composite breakwaters and related coastal structures. The joint probabilities of astronomic tide, storm surge and storm waves causing the overtopping of seawalls and breakwaters has to be considered in design as well as predicted scenarios for climate change.Īstronomic Tides : MHHW typically used for estimating extreme event water levels when sufficient records are not available. Plates 1 and 2 : Wave Overtopping of Seawalls at Heng Fa Chen and Tseung Kwan O in Hong KongĮxtreme Event Water Level : Tides, Storm Surge, Climate Change Typhoon Mangkhut arrived in Hong Kong on the 16 th September 2018 with a large storm surge and waves, especially on south-east facing coastlines, such as Heng Fa Chuen, Shek O and Tseung Kwan O.įigure 1 : Typhoon Mangkhut as it Crossed the Philippines In particular the impact of Typhoon Mangkhut, first on the Philippines, see Figure 1, and then on Hong Kong’s seawalls, resulting in damage, wave overtopping and flooding. The presentation commenced with reasons why breakwaters and protective seawalls are necessary. Wednesday 3rd March 2021 – Via Zoom Webinar The article below summarises Jonathan Meigh’s presentation to ICE members, guests and Indonesian university staff and students during March this year…īreakwater and Seawall Design and Failures – selected international case studies including Java, Indonesia During Covid-19 the Association has been hosting events virtually whenever necessary. The UK’s Institution of Civil Engineers (Jakarta Local Association) holds regular events that include technical meetings and presentations on civil engineering projects.
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